The transportation sector—driven by China’s large automotive market and the rapid expansion of aviation, rail, and waterway networks—is a major source of air pollution and carbon emissions. These emissions affect urban air quality, public health, and progress toward global climate goals. Full electrification of transportation offers a pathway to address both air pollution and climate challenges, but achieving it will require strengthened regulations and standards, improved monitoring tools, and supporting policies, along with effective implementation across both road and non-road transport sources.

The Transportation Program focuses on research, analysis, and capacity building to inform the development and implementation of emissions standards, fuel economy standards, and related fiscal and financial incentive policies at both national and subnational levels. Through these efforts, the program helps advance cleaner and more efficient transportation systems in China while contributing to improved air quality and long-term emissions reductions.